Advanced Concepts

Deeper self-custody topics such as multisig, PSBTs, Miniscript, BIP-85, and stronger operational security.

What are Bitcoin Improvement Proposals (BIPs)?

A Bitcoin Improvement Proposal is a formal document proposing a change or standardization to the Bitcoin protocol or related tooling.

The Most Important BIPs

BIP32, BIP39, BIP174, and BIP341 are the four proposals that define how modern Bitcoin wallets generate keys, sign transactions, and implement Taproot.

Bitcoin Air-Gap Signing Methods

BBQr, MicroSD, and NFC are the three methods used to carry PSBTs across the air gap between wallet software and a signing device.

Bitcoin Forks Explained

A fork is a change to Bitcoin's rules. Soft forks are backward-compatible upgrades. Hard forks split the network into two incompatible chains.